The Spirit of Laws

第20章

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第20章

The Spirit of Laws Baron Charles De Secondat Mont

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The Spirit of Laws
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  Inthisking’slastillness,thephysicianswouldnotventuretosayhewasindanger;andsurelytheyactedveryright。[31]

  11。OfThoughts。MarsyasdreamedthathehadcutDionysius’sthroat。[32]

  Dionysiusputhimtodeath,pretendingthathewouldneverhavedreamedofsuchathingbynightifhehadnotthoughtofitbyday。Thiswasamosttyrannicalaction:forthoughithadbeenthesubjectofhisthoughts,yethehadmadenoattempt[33]towardsit。Thelawsdonottakeuponthemtopunishanyotherthanovertacts。

  12。OfindiscreetSpeeches。Nothingrendersthecrimeofhightreasonmorearbitrarythandeclaringpeopleguiltyofitforindiscreetspeeches。Speechissosubjecttointerpretation;thereissogreatadifferencebetweenindiscretionandmalice;andfrequentlysolittleisthereofthelatterinthefreedomofexpression,thatthelawcanhardlysubjectpeopletoacapitalpunishmentforwordsunlessitexpresslydeclareswhatwordstheyare。[34]

  Wordsdonotconstituteanovertact;theyremainonlyinidea。Whenconsideredbythemselves,theyhavegenerallynodeterminatesignification;forthisdependsonthetoneinwhichtheyareuttered。

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