LEVIATHAN

第82章

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第82章

LEVIATHAN Thomas Hobbes

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LEVIATHAN
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  difficultplaces,perhapstheremaybeplaceleftaftertheresurrectionfortherepentanceofsomesinners。Andthereisalsoanotherplacethatseemethtoagreetherewith。ForconsideringthewordsofSt。Paul,“Whatshalltheydowhicharebaptizedforthedead,ifthedeadrisenotatall?Whyalsoaretheybaptizedforthedead?“*amanmayprobablyinfer,assomehavedone,thatinSt。Paul’stimetherewasacustom,byreceivingbaptismforthedead,asmenthatnowbelievearesuretiesandundertakersforthefaithofinfantsthatarenotcapableofbelievingtoundertakeforthepersonsoftheirdeceasedfriends,thattheyshouldbereadytoobeyandreceiveourSaviourfortheirkingathiscomingagain;andthentheforgivenessofsinsintheworldtocomehasnoneedofapurgatory。Butinboththeseinterpretations,thereissomuchofparadoxthatItrustnottothem,butpropoundthemtothosethatarethoroughlyversedintheScripture,toinquireiftherebenoclearerplacethatcontradictsthem。Onlyofthusmuch,IseeevidentScripturetopersuademethatthereisneitherthewordnorthethingofpurgatory,neitherinthisnoranyothertext;noranythingthatcanproveanecessityofaplaceforthesoulwithoutthebody;neitherforthesoulofLazarusduringthefourdayshewasdead;norforthesoulsofthemwhichtheRomanChurchpretendtobetormentednowinpurgatory。ForGod,thatcouldgivealifetoapieceofclay,haththesamepowertogivelifeagaintoadeadman,andrenewhisinanimateandrottencarcassintoaglorious,spiritual,andimmortalbody。

  *ICorinthians,15。29

  AnotherplaceisthatofICorinthians,3,whereitissaidthattheywhichbuildstubble,hay,etc。,onthetruefoundation,theirworkshallperish;but“theythemselvesshallbesaved;butasthroughfire“:thisfirehewillhavetobethefireofpurgatory。Thewords,asIhavesaidbefore,areanallusiontothoseofZechariah,13。9,wherehesaith,“Iwillbringthethirdpartthroughthefire,andrefinethemassilverisrefined,andwilltrythemasgoldistried“:whichisspokenofthecomingoftheMessiahinpowerandglory;thatis,atthedayofjudgement,andconflagrationofthepresentworld;whereintheelectshallnotbeconsumed,butberefined;thatis,deposetheirerroneousdoctrinesandtraditions,andhavethem,asitwere,singedoff;andshallafterwardscalluponthenameofthetrueGod。Inlikemanner,theApostlesaithofthemthat,holdingthisfoundation,JesusistheChrist,shallbuildthereonsomeotherdoctrinesthatbeerroneous,thattheyshallnotbeconsumedinthatfirewhichreneweththeworld,butshallpassthroughittosalvation;butsoastoseeandrelinquishtheirformererrors。Thebuildersarethepastors;thefoundation,thatJesusistheChrist;thestubbleandhay,falseconsequencesdrawnfromitthroughignoranceorfrailty;thegold,silver,andpreciousstonesaretheirtruedoctrines;andtheirrefiningorpurging,therelinquishingoftheirerrors。Inallwhichthereisnocolouratallfortheburningofincorporeal,thatistosay,impatiblesouls。

  AthirdplaceisthatofICorinthians,15。29,beforementioned,concerningbaptismforthedead:outofwhichheconcludeth,first,thatprayersforthedeadarenotunprofitable;andoutofthat,thatthereisafireofpurgatory:butneitherofthemrightly。Forofmanyinterpretationsofthewordbaptism,heapproveththisinthefirstplace,thatbybaptismismeant,metaphorically,abaptismofpenance;andthatmenareinthissensebaptizedwhentheyfast,andpray,andgivealms;andsobaptismforthedead,andprayerforthedead,isthesamething。Butthisisametaphor,ofwhichthereisnoexample,neitherintheScripturenorinanyotheruseoflanguage;

  andwhichisalsodiscordanttotheharmonyandscopeoftheScripture。Thewordbaptismisusedforbeingdippedinone’sownblood,asChristwasuponthecross,andasmostoftheApostleswere,forgivingtestimonyofhim。*Butitishardtosaythatprayer,fasting,andalmshaveanysimilitudewithdipping。Thesameisusedalso,Matthew,3。11whichseemethtomakesomewhatforpurgatory,forapurgingwithfire。ButitisevidentthefireandpurgingherementionedisthesamewhereoftheProphetZechariahspeaketh,“I

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