LEVIATHAN

第74章

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第74章

LEVIATHAN Thomas Hobbes

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LEVIATHAN
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  andthereforethatplaceproveththatbishopsineveryChristianCommonwealthhavetheirauthorityfromthecivilsovereign;andfromthePopeinhisownterritoriesonly,andnotintheterritoriesofanyotherstate。

  Thesecondargumentisfromthenatureofmonarchy,whereinallauthorityisinoneman,andinothersbyderivationfromhim。ButthegovernmentoftheChurch,hesays,ismonarchical。ThisalsomakesforChristianmonarchs。Fortheyarereallymonarchsoftheirownpeople;thatis,oftheirownChurchfortheChurchisthesamethingwithaChristianpeople;whereasthepowerofthePope,thoughhewereSt。Peter,isneithermonarchy,norhathanythingofarchicalnorcratical,butonlyofdidactical;forGodacceptethnotaforced,butawillingobedience。

  ThethirdisfromthattheSeeofSt。PeteriscalledbySt。

  Cyprian,thehead,thesource,theroot,thesun,fromwhencetheauthorityofbishopsisderived。Butbythelawofnature,whichisabetterprincipleofrightandwrongthanthewordofanydoctorthatisbutaman,thecivilsovereignineveryCommonwealthisthehead,thesource,theroot,andthesun,fromwhichalljurisdictionisderived。Andthereforethejurisdictionofbishopsisderivedfromthecivilsovereign。

  Thefourthistakenfromtheinequalityoftheirjurisdictions:

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