LEVIATHAN

第59章

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第59章

LEVIATHAN Thomas Hobbes

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LEVIATHAN
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  AndbecausebytheEnemy,theAccuser,andDestroyerismeanttheenemyofthemthatshallbeinthekingdomofGod;thereforeifthekingdomofGodaftertheresurrectionbeupontheearthasintheformerchapterIhaveshownbyScriptureitseemstobe,theenemyandhiskingdommustbeonearthalso。ForsoalsowasitinthetimebeforetheJewshaddeposedGod。ForGod’skingdomwasinPalestine;andthenationsroundaboutwerethekingdomsoftheEnemy;

  andconsequentlybySatanismeantanyearthlyenemyoftheChurch。

  Thetormentsofhellareexpressedsometimesby“weeping,andgnashingofteeth,“asMatthew,8。12;sometimes,by“thewormofconscience,“asIsaiah,66。24,andMark,9。44,46,48;sometimes,byfire,asintheplacenowquoted,“wherethewormdiethnot,andthefireisnotquenched,“andmanyplacesbesides:sometimes,by“shame,andcontempt,“as,“Andmanyofthemthatsleepinthedustoftheearthshallawake;sometoeverlastinglife;andsometoshame,andeverlastingcontempt。“*Allwhichplacesdesignmetaphoricallyagriefanddiscontentofmindfromthesightofthateternalfelicityinotherswhichtheythemselvesthroughtheirownincredulityanddisobediencehavelost。Andbecausesuchfelicityinothersisnotsensiblebutbycomparisonwiththeirownactualmiseries,itfolloweththattheyaretosuffersuchbodilypainsandcalamitiesasareincidenttothosewhonotonlyliveunderevilandcruelgovernors,buthavealsoforenemytheeternalkingofthesaints,GodAlmighty。Andamongstthesebodilypainsistobereckonedalsotoeveryoneofthewickedaseconddeath。ForthoughtheScripturebeclearforauniversalresurrection,yetwedonotreadthattoanyofthereprobateispromisedaneternallife。ForwhereasSt。Paul,tothequestionconcerningwhatbodiesmenshallrisewithagain,saiththat“thebodyissownincorruption,andisraisedinincorruption;

  itissownindishonour,itisraisedinglory;itissowninweakness,itisraisedinpower“;*2gloryandpowercannotbeappliedtothebodiesofthewicked:norcanthenameofseconddeathbeappliedtothosethatcanneverdiebutonce。Andalthoughinmetaphoricalspeechacalamitouslifeeverlastingmaybecalledaneverlastingdeath,yetitcannotwellbeunderstoodofaseconddeath。

  Thefirepreparedforthewickedisaneverlastingfire:thatistosay,theestatewhereinnomancanbewithouttorture,bothofbodyandmind,aftertheresurrection,shallendureforever;andinthatsensethefireshallbeunquenchable,andthetormentseverlasting:

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