Letters on the Study and Use of History

第29章

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第29章

Letters on the Study and Use of History Henry St。 John

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  theseconddauphin,hisgrandson,andthewifeandtheeldestsonofthisprince,died,soonafteritbegan,ofthesameunknowndistemper,andwereburiedtogetherinthesamegrave。Suchfamilymisfortunes,followingalongseriesofnationalmisfortunes,madetheoldking,thoughheborethemwithmuchseemingmagnanimity,desiroustogetoutofthewaratanytolerablerate,thathemightnotruntheriskofleavingachildoffiveyearsold,thepresentking,engagedinit。Thequeendidallthatwasmorallypossible,exceptgivingupherhonorinthenegotiation,andtheinterestsofhersubjectsintheconditionsofpeace,toprocurethisunionwiththeStatesGeneral。

  Butallshecoulddowasvain;andthesamephrensythathadhinderedtheDutchfromimprovingtotheirandtothecommonadvantagethepublicmisfortunesofFrance,hinderedthemfromimprovingtothesamepurposestheprivatemisfortunesofthehouseofBourbon。Theycontinuedtoflatterthemselvesthattheyshouldforcethequeenoutofhermeasures,bytheirintrigueswiththepartyinBritainwhoopposedthesemeasures,andevenraiseaninsurrectionagainsther。Buttheseintrigues,andthoseofprinceEugene,wereknownanddisappointed;andMonsieurBuyshadthemortificationtobereproachedwiththempublicly,whenhecametotakeleaveofthelordsofthecouncil,bytheEarlofOxford;whoenteredintomanyparticularsthatcouldnotbedenied,oftheprivatetransactionsofthissort,towhichBuyshadbeenaparty,incompliancewithhisinstructions,and,asIbelieve,muchagainsthisownsenseandinclinations。Astheseasonfortakingthefieldadvanced,theleagueproposedtodefeatthesuccessofthecongressbytheeventsofthecampaign。Butinsteadofdefeatingthesuccessofthecongress,theeventsofthecampaignservedonlytoturnthissuccessinfavorofFrance。Atthebeginningoftheyear,thequeen,andtheStates,inconcert,mighthavegiventhelawtofriendandfoe,withgreatadvantagetotheformer;andwithsuchadetrimenttothelater,asthecausesofthewarrenderedjust,theeventsofitreasonable,andtheobjectsofitnecessary。Attheendoftheyear,theallieswerenolongerinastateofgiving,northeFrenchofreceivingthelaw;andtheDutchhadrecoursetothequeen’sgoodoffices,whentheycouldopposeanddurstinsulthernolonger。Eventhen,theseofficeswereemployedwithzeal,andwithsomeeffect,forthem。

  Thusthewarended,muchmorefavorablytoFrancethansheexpected,ortheywhoputanendtoitdesigned。Thequeenwouldhavehumbledandweakenedthispower。Theallieswhoopposedherwouldhavecrushedit,andhaveraisedanotherasexorbitantontheruinsofit。Neitheronenortheothersucceeded,andtheywhomeanttoruintheFrenchpower,preservedit,byopposingthosewhomeanttoreduceit。

  SinceIhavementionedtheeventsoftheyearonethousandsevenhundredandtwelve,andthedecisiveturntheygavetothenegotiationsinfavorofFrance,givemeleavetosaysomethingmoreonthissubject。YouwillfindthatIshalldosowithmuchimpartiality。ThedisastrouseventsofthiscampaignintheLowCountries,andtheconsequencesofthemhavebeenimputedtotheseparationoftheBritishtroopsfromthearmyoftheallies。

  Theclamoragainstthismeasurewasgreatatthattime,andtheprejudiceswhichthisclamorraisedaregreatstillamongsomemen。Butasclamorraisedtheseprejudices,otherprejudicesgavebirthtothisclamor:anditisnowondertheyshoulddosoamongpersonsbentoncontinuingthewar;sinceIownveryfreely,thatwhenthefirststepthatledtothisseparationcametomyknowledge,whichwasnotanhour,bytheway,beforeIwrotebythequeen’sordertotheDukeofOrmond,intheverywordsinwhichtheorderwasadvisedandgiven,“thatheshouldnotengageinanysiege,norhazardabattle,tillfurtherorder,“Iwassurprisedandhurt。Somuch,thatifIhadhadanopportunityofspeakinginprivatetothequeen,afterIhadreceivedMonsieurDeTorcy’slettertomeonthesubject,andbeforeshewentintothecouncil,Ishouldhavespokentoher,Ithink,inthefirstheat,againstit。Thetruthis,however,thatthestepwasjustifiableatthatpointoftimeineveryrespect,andthereforethattheconsequencesaretobechargedtotheaccountofthosewhodrewthemonthemselves,nottotheaccountofthequeen,noroftheministerwhoadvisedher。Thestepwasjustifiabletothealliessurely,sincethequeentooknomoreuponher,nonotsomuch,byfar,inmakingit,asmanyofthemhaddonebysuspending,orendangering,ordefeatingoperationsintheheatofthewar,whentheydeclinedtosendtheirtroops,ordelayedthemarchofthem,orneglectedthepreparationstheywereobligedtomake,onthemostfrivolouspretences。

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