AtCastione，nearthetownofParma，andinseveralotherpartsoftheprovincesofParmaandReggio，TERREMAREShavebeendiscoveredrisingfromthemidstofvastrectangularbasinsartificiallyhollowedout。SomehaveconcludedfromthisthattheTERREMARECOLLIastheinhabitantsoftheTERREMAREShavebeencalled，weredescendedfromthepeoplewhobuiltthepiledwellingsofSwitzerland，andthat，faithfultothetraditionsoftheirrace，theyhollowedoutpondsindefaultofnaturallakes。Ifthiswereso，ItalymusthavebeenpeopledwitharacethatcameovertheAlps。[126]Whoorwhatthisracewascanonlybematterofconjecture。Itcannot，however，havebeentheLigures，abranchofthegreatIberianfamily，whoweretotallyignorantofculture，andtowhomthebuildersofthemostancientoftheTERREMARESwerecertainlysuperior；norcanithavebeentheEtruscans，forallrelicsofthatrace，whicharemoreovereasilyrecognizable，werefoundquiteapartfromthedeepdepositscontainingtheTERREMARES。ManyindicationspointtotheconclusionthatwhentheCeltscamedownintoItalytheirknowledgeofmetallurgywasalreadymoreadvancedthanthatofthebuildersoftheTERREMARES。WearethereforedisposedtothinkwithHeilbig，thattheTERREMARECOLLIweretheItali，ofArianrace，whoweretheancestorsoftheSabini，Umbri，Osci，andLatins。Inthegreatmigrationsofraces，theItalibadseparatedthemselvesfromtheirbrethrenthePelasgi，whohadremainedinEpirus，and，continuingtheirmarch，theypeopledSwitzerlandandcrossedtheAlps，settlingdowninthefertileplainswateredbythePo，whereitiseasyevennowtoprovetheirpresence。
InsuperintendingtheexcavationofaTERREMAREatToszig，inHungary，Pigorini，[127]wasgreatlystruckbytheresemblancebetweenitandsimilarerectionsinItaly，especiallythatofCasarolo。ThisisverymuchinfavoroftheItalihavingbeenthebuilders。ButtheobjectscollectedinsomeoftheTERREMARES，thoseofVaranoandChiericiforinstance，provethattheywereinhabitedfromNeolithictimes，sothattheItaliofItaly，ifItalitheywere，didbutfollowthetraditionsoftheirpredecessors。Inspite，however，ofzealousstudy，allthatrelatestotheoriginoftribesandracesremainsinvolvedinthegreatestobscurity，andwecanbutlooktothefuturetosupplywhatthepresentaltogetherfailstogive。
WehaveyetothertokensofthepresenceoftheancientraceswhopeopledItaly。Dr。ConcezioRosa[128]noticedintheAbruzziextensiveblackpatchesontheground，whichborewitnesstotheformerresidenceofmen。TheexcavationoftheseFONDIDICABANE，astheyarecalled，ledtothefindingofagreatmanystoneknivesandscraperswithnumerousbonestilettosandthebonesofvariousanimals，allofthemofspeciesstillliving。Later，similarFONDIwerefoundbetweentheEasternAlpsandMountGargano。InReggio，atRivaltella，atCastelnuovodeSotto，andatCalerno，theyformedregulargroups，andfromoneofthesestationsmorethanonethousandworkedflintswerecollected。WementionthemespeciallybecausetheywereoflozengeSELCIROMBOIDALIandhalf-lozengeSEMI-ROMBIshapes，whichareformsunknowninotherdistricts。
Withtheseflintswerehand-madevaseswithhandles，theclayunmixedwithsandorquartzandornamentedwithlines，grooves，andraisedknobs。ThesevasesdiffergreatlyfromthosefoundintheTERREMARES；
aretheythen，ashasbeensaid，ofearlierlate？Itisimpossibletocometoanydecisiononthepoint。