religion；andasiftoenforcetheargumentandfirmlyestablishthecloserelationshipbetweenthesportingtemperamentandthearchaicdevoutness，theselayreligiousbodiescommonlydevotesomeappreciableportionoftheirenergiestothefurtheranceofathleticcontestsandsimilargamesofchanceandskill。Itmightevenbesaidthatsportsofthiskindareapprehendedtohavesomeefficacyasameansofgrace。Theyareapparentlyusefulasameansofproselyting，andasameansofsustainingthedevoutattitudeinconvertsoncemade。Thatistosay，thegameswhichgiveexercisetotheanimisticsenseandtotheemulativepropensityhelptoformandtoconservethathabitofmindtowhichthemoreexotericcultsarecongenial。Hence，inthehandsofthelayorganizations，thesesportingactivitiescometododutyasanovitiateorameansofinductionintothatfullerunfoldingofthelifeofspiritualstatuswhichistheprivilegeofthefullcommunicantalong。
Thattheexerciseoftheemulativeandloweranimisticproclivitiesaresubstantiallyusefulforthedevoutpurposeseemstobeplacedbeyondquestionbythefactthatthepriesthoodofmanydenominationsisfollowingtheleadofthelayorganizationsinthisrespect。Thoseecclesiasticalorganizationsespeciallywhichstandnearestthelayorganizationsintheirinsistenceonpracticalreligionhavegonesomewaytowardsadoptingtheseoranalogouspracticesinconnectionwiththetraditionaldevoutobservances。Sothereare“boys’brigades，“
andotherorganizations，underclericalsanction，actingtodeveloptheemulativeproclivityandthesenseofstatusintheyouthfulmembersofthecongregation。Thesepseudo-militaryorganizationstendtoelaborateandaccentuatetheproclivitytoemulationandinvidiouscomparison，andsostrengthenthenativefacilityfordiscerningandapprovingtherelationofpersonalmasteryandsubservience。Andabelieveriseminentlyapersonwhoknowshowtoobeyandacceptchastisementwithgoodgrace。
Butthehabitsofthoughtwhichthesepracticesfosterandconservemakeupbutonehalfofthesubstanceoftheanthropomorphiccults。Theother，complementaryelementofdevoutlife——theanimistichabitofmind——isrecruitedandconservedbyasecondrangeofpracticesorganizedunderclericalsanction。
Thesearetheclassofgamblingpracticesofwhichthechurchbazaarorrafflemaybetakenasthetype。Asindicatingthedegreeoflegitimacyofthesepracticesinconnectionwithdevoutobservancesproper，itistoberemarkedthattheseraffles，andtheliketrivialopportunitiesforgambling，seemtoappealwithmoreeffecttothecommonrunofthemembersofreligiousorganizationsthantheydotopersonsofalessdevouthabitofmind。