ItmayeasilyseemthatwhenwehavediscussedBenevolence，Justice，andtheobservanceofLawandContract，wehaveincludedinourviewthewholesphereofsocialduty，andthatwhateverothermaximswefindacceptedbyCommonSensemustbesubordinatetotheprincipleswhichwehavebeentryingtodefine。
Forwhateverweowedefinitelytoourfellow-men，besidestheobservanceofspecialcontracts，andofpositivelaws，seems——atleastbyaslightextensionofcommonusage——tobenaturallyincludedunderJustice:whilethemoreindefiniteobligationswhichwerecogniseseemtocorrespondtothegoodwillwhichwethinkoughttoexistamongallmembersofthehumanfamily，togetherwiththestrongeraffectionsappropriatetospecialrelationsandcircumstances。AndhenceitmaybethoughtthatthebestwayoftreatingthesubjectwouldhavebeentodivideDutygenerallyintoSocialandSelf-regarding，andagaintosubdividetheformerbranchintotheheadswhichIhavediscussedonebyone；afterwardsaddingsuchminordetailsofdutyashaveobtainedspecialnamesanddistinctrecognition。AndthisisperhapstheproperplacetoexplainwhyIdidnotadoptthiscourse。ThedivisionofdutiesintoSocialandSelf-regarding，thoughobvious，andacceptableenoughasaroughprimafacieclassification，doesnotoncloserexaminationseemexactlyappropriatetotheIntuitionalMethod。Forthesetitlesnaturallysuggestthatthehappinessorwell-being，oftheagentorofothers，isalwaystheendandfinaldeterminantofrightaction:whereastheIntuitionaldoctrineis，thatatleastcertainkindsofconductareprescribedabsolutely，withoutreferencetotheirulteriorconsequences。Andifamoregeneralmeaningbegiventotheterms，andbySocialdutiesweunderstandthosewhichconsistintheproductionofcertaineffectsuponothers，whileintheSelf-regardingweaimatproducingcertaineffectsuponourselves，thedivisionisstillanunsuitableone。
Fortheseconsequencesarenotclearlyrecognisedintheenunciationofcommonrulesofmorality:andinmanycasesweproducemarkedeffectsbothonourselvesandonothers，anditisnoteasytosaywhichintheviewofCommonSensearemostimportant:andagain，thisprincipleofdivisionwouldsometimesmakeitnecessarytocutintwotheclassofdutiesprescribedundersomecommonnotion；asthesamerulemaygovernbothoursocialandoursolitaryconduct。Take，forexample，theactsmorallyprescribedundertheheadofCourage。ItseemsclearthattheprominencegiventothisVirtueinhistoricsystemsofmoralityhasbeenduetothegreatsocialimportancethatmustalwaysattachtoit，solongascommunitiesofmenarecontinuallycalledupontofightfortheirexistenceandwell-being:butstillthequalityofbraveryisthesameessentially，whetheritbeexhibitedforselfishorsocialends。
ItisnodoubttruethatwhenweexaminewithaviewtodefinitionthekindsofconductcommendedorprescribedinanylistofVirtuescommonlyrecognised，wefind，toagreatextent，thatthemaximsweobtainareclearlynotabsoluteandindependent:thatthequalitydenotedbyourtermisadmittedlyonlypraiseworthyinsofarasitpromotesindividualorgeneralwelfare，andbecomesblameworthy——thoughremaininginotherrespectsthesame——whenitoperatesadverselytotheseends。
Wehavealreadynoticedthisresultinoneortwoinstances，anditwillbeillustratedatlengthinthefollowingchapters。Butthoughthisisthecasetoagreatextent，itis，forourpresentpurpose，ofspecialimportancetonotethe——realorapparent——exceptionstotherule；becausetheyarespeciallycharacteristicofthemethodthatwecallIntuitionism。