Men of Invention and Industry

第19章

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第19章

Men of Invention and Industry 佚名

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Men of Invention and Industry
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  withthesteamboat,thelocomotive,andtheelectrictelegraph。

  AsJohnWilkinsonsaidofthefirstvesselofironwhichheintroduced,“itwillbeonlyaninedays’wonder,andafterwardsaColumbus’segg。“

  Onthe25thofFebruary,1808,MurdockreadapaperbeforetheRoyalSociety“OntheApplicationofGasfromCoaltoeconomicalpurposes。“Hegaveahistoryoftheoriginandprogressofhisexperiments,downtothetimewhenhehadsatisfactorilylitupthepremisesofPhillipsandLeeatManchester。Thepaperwasmodestandunassuming,likeeverythinghedid。

  Itconcluded:——“IbelieveImay,withoutpresumingtoomuch,claimboththefirstideaofapplying,andthefirstapplicationofthisgastoeconomicalpurposes。“[9]TheRoyalSocietyawardedMurdocktheirlargeRumfordGoldMedalforhiscommunication。

  InthefollowingyearaGermannamedWintzer,orWinsor,appearedasthepromotorofaschemeforobtainingaroyalcharterwithextensiveprivileges,andappliedforpowerstoformajoint-stockcompanytolightpartofLondonandWestminsterwithgas。Winsorclaimedforhismethodofgasmanufacturethatitwasmoreefficaciousandprofitablethananythenknownorpractised。Theprofits,indeed,weretobeprodigious。Winsormadeanelaboratecalculationinhispamphletentitled’TheNewPatrioticImperialandNationalLightandHeatCompany,’fromwhichitappearedthatthenetannualprofits“agreeabletotheofficialexperiments“wouldamounttoovertwohundredandtwenty-ninemillionsofpounds!——andthat,givingovernine-tenthsofthatsumtowardstheredemptionoftheNationalDebt,therewouldstillremainatotalprofitof570L。tobepaidtothesubscribersforevery5L。ofdeposit!Winsortookoutapatentfortheinvention,andthecompany,ofwhichhewasamember,proceededtoParliamentforanAct。BoultonandWattpetitionedagainsttheBill,andJamesWatt,junior,gaveevidenceonthesubject。HenryBrougham,whowasthecounselforthepetitioners,madegreatfunofWinsor’sabsurdspeculations,[10]andtheBillwasthrownout。

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