Men of Invention and Industry

第8章

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第8章

Men of Invention and Industry 佚名

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Men of Invention and Industry
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  ThenextinventorwasJonathanHulls,ofCampden,inGloucestershire。Hepatentedasteamboatin1736,andworkedthepaddle-wheelplacedatthesternofthevesselbymeansofaNewcomenengine。HetriedhisboatontheRiverAvon,atEvesham,butitdidnotsucceed,andtheenginewastakenonshoreagain。Alocalpoetcommemoratedhisfailureinthefollowinglines,whichwererememberedlongafterhissteamboatexperimenthadbeenforgotten:——

  “JonathanHull,Withhispaperskull,TriedhardtomakeamachineThatshouldgoagainstwindandtide;

  Buthe,likeanass,Couldn’tbringittopass,Soatlastwasashamedtobeseen。“

  Nothingofimportancewasdoneinthedirectionofasteam-engineabletodrivepaddles,untiltheinventionbyJamesWatt,in1769,ofhisdouble-actingengine——thefirststepbywhichsteamwasrenderedcapableofbeingsuccessfullyusedtoimpelavessel。ButWattwasindifferenttotakingupthesubjectofsteamnavigation,aswellasofsteamlocomotion。Herefusedmanyinvitationstomakesteam-enginesforthepropulsionofships,preferringtoconfinehimselftohis“regularestablishedtradeandmanufacture,“thatofmakingcondensingsteam-engines,whichhadbecomeofgreatimportancetowardsthecloseofhislife。

  Tworecordsexistofpaddle-wheelsteamboatshavingbeenearlytriedinFrance——onebytheComted’AuxironandM。Perrierin1774,theotherbytheComtedeJouffroyin1783——butthenoticesoftheirexperimentsareveryvague,andrestonsomewhatdoubtfulauthority。

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