Thedutiesheredescribedpresentonlyavariationofthecommon’week-work’ofthepeasant，itsapplicationtoacertainkindoflabour。Theycouldonoccasionbereplacedbysomeotherwork，7*orthelordmightlosethemifthetimeassignedforthemwasquiteunsuitableforwork。8*Thereisanotherformofploughingcalledgafol-earth，whichhasnoreferencetoanyparticulartime-limits。Apatchofthelord’slandisassignedtothehomageforcultivation，andeverytenantgetshisshareintheworkaccordingtothesizeofhisholding。Gafol-earthisnotonlyploughedbutmostlysownbythepeasantry。9*
Athirdspeciesofploughing-dutyistheso-calledaverearth。
orgrass-earth。Thisobligationariseswhenthepeasantswantmorepasturethantheyareentitledtousebytheircustomaryrightsofcommon。Thelordmaygrantthepermissiontousethepasturereservedforhim，andexactsploughingsinreturnaccordingtothenumberofheadsofcattlesenttothepasturage。10*Sometimesthesameimpositionisleviedwhenmorecattlearesenttothecommonsthanaholdinghasarighttodriveonthem。11*ItisnotimpossiblethatinsomecasestheveryuseofrightsofcommonWasmadedependentontheperformanceofsuchduties。12*Akindredexactionwasimposedfortheuseofthemeadows。13*Localvariationshave，ofcourse，tobetakenlargelyintoaccountinallsuchmatters：thedistinctionbetweengafol-earthandgrass-earth，forinstance，thoughdrawnverysharplyinmostcases，getssomewhatconfusedinothers。
Manorialrecordsmentionafourthvarietyofploughingworkunderthenameofben-earth，precariaecarucarum。Thisisextraworkinoppositiontothecommonploughingsdescribedbefore。14*Itisassumedthatthesubjectpopulationisreadytohelpthelordforthetillageofhisland，evenbeyondthecustomarydutiesimposedonit。Itsendsitsploughsthreeorfourtimesayear’outoflove，’and’fortheasking。’Itmaybeconjecturedhowagreeablethisdutymusthavebeeninreality，andindeedbythesideofitscommondenominations，asboon-workandasked-work，wefindmuchroughertermsinthespeechofsomedistricts——itisdeemedunlawenearthandgodlesebene。15*Itmustbesaid，however，thatthelordgenerallyprovidedfoodontheseoccasions，andevenwentsofarastopayforsuchextrawork。
Otherexpressionsoccurincertainlocalities，whicharesometimesdifficultofexplanation。Lentenearth，16*inthemanorsofElyMinster，meansevidentlyanextraploughinginLent。ThesameElyrecordsexhibitaploughingcalledFilstnertheorFilsingerthe，17*whichmaybeidenticalwiththeLentenearthjustmentioned：afastnyngseed18*occursatanyratewhichseemsconnectedwiththeploughingunderdiscussion。ThesameextraworkinLentiscalledTywe19*intheCustumalofBleadon，Somersetshire。Whentheploughing-workispaidforitmayreceivethenameofpenyearth。20*TheGloucestersurveyspeaksoftheextracultivationofanacrecalledRadacre，andtheElysurveysofanextrarood’deRytnesse。’21*Idonotventuretosuggestanexplanationfortheselastterms；andI