The Varieties of Religious Experience

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第15章

The Varieties of Religious Experience William James

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The Varieties of Religious Experience
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  gaveupthelifeoftheconventionalworld,recognizingittobenolife,butaparodyonlife,whichitssuperfluitiessimplykeepusfromcomprehending。”——andTolstoythereuponembracedthelifeofthepeasants,andhasfeltrightandhappy,oratleastrelativelyso,eversince。[96]

  [96]IhaveconsiderablyabridgedTolstoy’swordsinmytranslation。

  AsIinterprethismelancholy,then,itwasnotmerelyanaccidentalvitiationofhishumors,thoughitwasdoubtlessalsothat。Itwaslogicallycalledforbytheclashbetweenhisinnercharacterandhisouteractivitiesandaims。Althoughaliteraryartist,Tolstoywasoneofthoseprimitiveoaksofmentowhomthesuperfluitiesandinsincerities,thecupidities,complications,andcrueltiesofourpolitecivilizationareprofoundlyunsatisfying,andforwhomtheeternalveracitiesliewithmorenaturalandanimalthings。Hiscrisiswasthegettingofhissoulinorder,thediscoveryofitsgenuinehabitatandvocation,theescapefromfalsehoodsintowhatforhimwerewaysoftruth。Itwasacaseofheterogeneouspersonalitytardilyandslowlyfindingitsunityandlevel。AndthoughnotmanyofuscanimitateTolstoy,nothavingenough,perhaps,oftheaboriginalhumanmarrowinourbones,mostofusmayatleastfeelasifitmightbebetterforusifwecould。

  Bunyan’srecoveryseemstohavebeenevenslower。ForyearstogetherhewasalternatelyhauntedwithtextsofScripture,nowupandnowdown,butatlastwithanevergrowingreliefinhissalvationthroughthebloodofChrist。

  “Mypeacewouldbeinandouttwentytimesaday;comfortnowandtroublepresently;peacenowandbeforeIcouldgoafurlongasfullofguiltandfearaseverheartcouldhold。”Whenagoodtextcomeshometohim,“This。”hewrites,“gavemegoodencouragementforthespaceoftwoorthreehours“;or“Thiswasagooddaytome,IhopeIshallnotforgetit“,or“ThegloryofthesewordswasthensoweightyonmethatIwasreadytoswoonasIsat;yet,notwithgriefandtrouble,butwithsolidjoyandpeace“;or“Thismadeastrangeseizureonmyspirit;itbroughtlightwithit,andcommandedasilenceinmyheartofallthosetumultuousthoughtsthatbeforediduse,likemasterlesshell-hounds,toroarandbellowandmakeahideousnoisewithinme。ItshowedmethatJesusChristhadnotquiteforsakenandcastoffmySoul。”

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