TheFrenchJewswereusing“tusche“typicalofthe“Indian“ink，whiletheGermanswereemploying“pomegranate“and“gall“inks。RepresentativesfrominterestedreligiousJewishcenterscametogetherandresolvedtosubmittheirdifferencesforfinaladjustmenttoMaimonides，borninSpain，A。D。
1130，anddiedA。D。1204——thethengreatestlivingHebrewtheologianandauthorityonbiblicalandrabbinicallaws。Discardingallsideissues，theirdifferenceswereseeminglyincorporatedintothreequestionsandthuspropoundedtohim：
1。IstheTalmudicdeyoidenticalwithalchiber？
2。OfwhatingredientshouldtheTalmudicdeyoconsist，ifitisnotthesameasalchiber？
3。Isalchibertobeunderstoodasrelatingtothegall-appleandchalkanthumbluevitriol？