thepermanenceofthereligiousworldtothecontinualshiftingofpolitics;theexperienceofthepeopletoitstheoreticalignorance;anditspracticalknowledgeofbusinesstotheimpatienceofitsdesires。
TheAmericans,then,havenotrelieduponthenatureoftheircountrytocounterpoisethosedangerswhichoriginateintheirConstitutionandintheirpoliticallaws。Toevilswhicharecommontoalldemocraticpeoplestheyhaveappliedremedieswhichnonebutthemselveshadeverthoughtofbefore;andalthoughtheywerethefirsttomaketheexperiment,theyhavesucceededinit。
ThemannersandlawsoftheAmericansarenottheonlyoneswhichmaysuitademocraticpeople;buttheAmericanshaveshownthatitwouldbewrongtodespairofregulatingdemocracybytheaidofmannersandoflaws。IfothernationsshouldborrowthisgeneralandpregnantideafromtheAmericans,withouthoweverintendingtoimitatetheminthepeculiarapplicationwhichtheyhavemadeofit;iftheyshouldattempttofitthemselvesforthatsocialcondition,whichitseemstobethewillofProvidencetoimposeuponthegenerationsofthisage,andsotoescapefromthedespotismortheanarchywhichthreatensthem;
whatreasonistheretosupposethattheireffortswouldnotbecrownedwithsuccess?TheorganizationandtheestablishmentofdemocracyinChristendomisthegreatpoliticalproblemofthetime。TheAmericans,unquestionably,havenotresolvedthisproblem,buttheyfurnishusefuldatatothosewhoundertakethetask。
ImportanceOfWhatPrecedesWithRespectToTheStateOfEuropeItmayreadilybediscoveredwithwhatintentionIundertooktheforegoinginquiries。ThequestionherediscussedisinterestingnotonlytotheUnitedStates,buttothewholeworld;itconcerns,notanation,butallmankind。Ifthosenationswhosesocialconditionisdemocraticcouldonlyremainfreeaslongastheyareinhabitantsofthewilds,wecouldnotbutdespairofthefuturedestinyofthehumanrace;fordemocracyisrapidlyacquiringamoreextendedsway,andthewildsaregraduallypeopledwithmen。Ifitweretruethatlawsandmannersareinsufficienttomaintaindemocraticinstitutions,whatrefugewouldremainopentothenations,exceptthedespotismofasingleindividual?Iamawarethattherearemanyworthypersonsatthepresenttimewhoarenotalarmedatthislatteralternative,andwhoaresotiredoflibertyastobegladofrepose,farfromthosestormsbywhichitisattended。Buttheseindividualsareillacquaintedwiththehaventowardswhichtheyarebound。Theyaresodeludedbytheirrecollections,astojudgethetendencyofabsolutepowerbywhatitwasformerly,andnotbywhatitmightbecomeatthepresenttime。