increasing，therefore，oneofthetwofactorsonwhichtheremunerationoftheindividuallabourerdepends。Theotherandstillmoreimportantfactor，thenumberofsharers，remainsunaffectedbyanyoftheconsiderationsnowadduced。
ThemostseriousobstacletoarightjudgmentconcerningtheefficacyandtendenciesofTrades’Unions，andtheprospectsoflabourasaffectedbythem，havingthusbeenremoved，theauthorhasafreefieldfortheuntrammelleddiscussionofthosetopics。Butthedueconsiderationofthemaspresentedinhiswork，requiresanarticletoitself。
PARTII
InaformerarticleithasbeenseenhowMr。Thornton，inthefirstchapterofhisFirstBook，disproved，ongroundsofpurepoliticaleconomy，thesupposednaturallawbywhich，intheopinionofmany，thepriceoflabourisasstrictlydeterminedasthemotionoftheearth，anddeterminedinamannerunalterablebythewilloreffortofeitherpartytothetransaction。
Butwhateverintheaffairsofmankindisnotperemptorilydecidedforthembynaturallaws，fallsunderthejurisdictionofthemorallaw。Sincethereisacertainrange，widerthanhasbeengenerallybelieved，withinwhichthepriceoflabourisdecidedbyaconflictofwillsbetweenemployersandlabourers，itisnecessary，asineveryothercaseofhumanvoluntaryaction，toascertainthemoralprinciplesbywhichthisconflictoughttoberegulated。Thetermsofthebargainnotbeingamatterofnecessity，but，withincertainlimits，ofchoice，ithastobeconsideredhowfareithersidecanrightfullypressitsclaims，andtakeadvantageofitsopportunities。Or，toexpressthesameideasinotherphraseology，ithastobedecidedwhetherthereareanyrights，oflabourontheonehand，orofcapitalontheother，whichwouldbeviolatediftheoppositepartypusheditspretensionstotheextremelimitsofeconomicpossibility。